NSUN2,也称为NOP2/Sun RNA甲基转移酶家族成员2,是一种重要的RNA 5-甲基胞嘧啶(m5C)甲基转移酶。m5C是一种普遍存在于真核细胞RNA上的表观遗传修饰,参与调控RNA的稳定性和功能,影响基因表达和生物学过程。NSUN2主要在细胞核中表达,负责在mRNA上添加m5C修饰。m5C修饰在许多生物学过程中发挥作用,包括细胞分化、发育、代谢和疾病发生。
NSUN2在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)、胃癌(GC)、神经母细胞瘤、子宫内膜异位症、肝细胞癌(HCC)、视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)、食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)和结直肠癌(CRC)。在NSCLC中,NSUN2的表达与对EGFR-TKI(如吉非替尼)的内在耐药性相关。NSUN2通过促进QSOX1的翻译来增强NSCLC细胞的耐药性[1]。在GC中,NSUN2的表达上调与预后不良相关。NSUN2通过SUMO-2/3的修饰促进GC细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭[2]。在神经母细胞瘤中,NSUN2的rs13181449 C>T多态性与神经母细胞瘤风险降低相关[3]。在子宫内膜异位症中,NSUN2的表达上调与子宫内膜接受性受损相关。NSUN2通过m5C修饰影响胚胎附着和细胞增殖[4]。在HCC中,NSUN2的表达上调与HCC的进展相关。NSUN2通过m5C修饰影响Ras信号通路和细胞周期[5]。在RB中,NSUN2的表达上调与RB的进展相关。NSUN2通过促进PFAS mRNA的稳定性和表达来促进RB的进展[6]。在ESCC中,NSUN2的表达上调与预后不良相关。NSUN2通过m5C修饰和LIN28B依赖机制稳定GRB2 mRNA,从而促进ESCC的进展[7]。在CRC中,NSUN2的表达上调与CRC的进展相关。NSUN2通过m5C修饰和YBX1依赖机制促进ENO1的表达,从而促进CRC的进展[8]。
综上所述,NSUN2是一种重要的RNA甲基转移酶,参与调控RNA的稳定性和功能,影响基因表达和生物学过程。NSUN2在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括NSCLC、GC、神经母细胞瘤、子宫内膜异位症、HCC、RB、ESCC和CRC。NSUN2的研究有助于深入理解RNA表观遗传修饰的生物学功能和疾病发生机制,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Wang, Yueqin, Wei, Jingyao, Feng, Luyao, Kan, Quancheng, Tian, Xin. 2023. Aberrant m5C hypermethylation mediates intrinsic resistance to gefitinib through NSUN2/YBX1/QSOX1 axis in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer. In Molecular cancer, 22, 81. doi:10.1186/s12943-023-01780-4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37161388/
2. Hu, Yuanbo, Chen, Chenbin, Tong, Xinya, Xue, Xiangyang, Lu, Mingdong. 2021. NSUN2 modified by SUMO-2/3 promotes gastric cancer progression and regulates mRNA m5C methylation. In Cell death & disease, 12, 842. doi:10.1038/s41419-021-04127-3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34504059/
3. Lin, Lei, Deng, Changmi, Zhou, Chunlei, Wu, Haiyan, He, Jing. 2022. NSUN2 gene rs13181449 C>T polymorphism reduces neuroblastoma risk. In Gene, 854, 147120. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2022.147120. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36529349/
4. Lu, Jiafeng, Zhang, Ming, Liu, Zhenxing, Li, Hong, Huang, Boxian. 2024. NSUN2-Mediated m5C Methylation Impairs Endometrial Receptivity. In Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology, 104, 100327. doi:10.1016/j.labinv.2024.100327. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38237738/
5. Song, Dan, An, Ke, Zhai, Wenlong, Kan, Quancheng, Tian, Xin. 2022. NSUN2-mediated mRNA m5C Modification Regulates the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics, 21, 823-833. doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2022.09.007. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36183976/
6. Zuo, Sipeng, Li, Lin, Wen, Xuyang, Chai, Peiwei, Lu, Linna. . NSUN2-mediated m5 C RNA methylation dictates retinoblastoma progression through promoting PFAS mRNA stability and expression. In Clinical and translational medicine, 13, e1273. doi:10.1002/ctm2.1273. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37228185/
7. Su, Jiachun, Wu, Guandi, Ye, Ying, Lin, Dongxin, Zheng, Jian. 2021. NSUN2-mediated RNA 5-methylcytosine promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via LIN28B-dependent GRB2 mRNA stabilization. In Oncogene, 40, 5814-5828. doi:10.1038/s41388-021-01978-0. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34345012/
8. Chellamuthu, Anitha, Gray, Steven G. 2020. The RNA Methyltransferase NSUN2 and Its Potential Roles in Cancer. In Cells, 9, . doi:10.3390/cells9081758. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32708015/