ADAMTS5,即ADAM金属肽酶与血栓形成蛋白1型结构域5,是一种分泌性金属肽酶,属于ADAMTS(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs)家族。ADAMTS家族包括26个成员,分为两个亚家族,其中ADAMTS蛋白酶是锌依赖性金属内肽酶,主要降解细胞外基质(ECM)成分,而ADAMTS样蛋白缺乏金属蛋白酶结构域,在ECM中发挥调节作用[1]。
ADAMTS5在多种生物过程中发挥重要作用,包括胚胎发育、生理功能和疾病发生。在胚胎发育过程中,ADAMTS5的表达主要在神经系统和肌肉组织中,提示其在神经肌肉发育中发挥重要作用[2]。在生理功能方面,ADAMTS5主要降解软骨中的主要结构蛋白聚糖aggrecan,与骨关节炎的发病机制密切相关[1]。此外,ADAMTS5还与多种疾病的发生发展相关,如肝细胞癌、骨关节炎、冠状动脉疾病等[3,4,5,6]。
研究发现,ADAMTS5基因多态性与骨关节炎的易感性相关,其中rs226794和rs2830585位点与骨关节炎的风险相关[4]。此外,ADAMTS5的表达还受到microRNA的调控,如miR-148a可以靶向ADAMTS5,抑制子宫内膜异位症细胞的增殖[7]。在肝细胞癌中,ADAMTS5的表达与预后相关,其表达水平可以作为预测肝细胞癌预后的指标[3]。
综上所述,ADAMTS5是一种重要的ADAMTS家族成员,在胚胎发育、生理功能和疾病发生中发挥重要作用。其表达受到基因多态性和microRNA的调控,与骨关节炎、肝细胞癌等疾病的发生发展密切相关。进一步研究ADAMTS5的功能和调控机制,有助于深入理解其在疾病发生发展中的作用,为相关疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Mead, Timothy J, Apte, Suneel S. 2018. ADAMTS proteins in human disorders. In Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology, 71-72, 225-239. doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2018.06.002. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29885460/
2. McCulloch, Daniel R, Le Goff, Carine, Bhatt, Sumantha, Sandy, John D, Apte, Suneel S. 2009. Adamts5, the gene encoding a proteoglycan-degrading metalloprotease, is expressed by specific cell lineages during mouse embryonic development and in adult tissues. In Gene expression patterns : GEP, 9, 314-23. doi:10.1016/j.gep.2009.02.006. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19250981/
3. Qin, Xiaodan, Sun, Huiling, Hu, Shangshang, Pan, Yuqin, Wang, Shukui. 2024. A hypoxia-glycolysis-lactate-related gene signature for prognosis prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma. In BMC medical genomics, 17, 88. doi:10.1186/s12920-024-01867-x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38627714/
4. Huo, Jian-Zhong, Ji, Xing-Hua, Su, Zhong-Yi, Shang, Peng, Gao, Fei. 2018. Association of ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5 polymorphisms with musculoskeletal degenerative diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. In Bioscience reports, 38, . doi:10.1042/BSR20181619. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30369484/
5. Bondeson, J, Wainwright, S, Hughes, C, Caterson, B. . The regulation of the ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5 aggrecanases in osteoarthritis: a review. In Clinical and experimental rheumatology, 26, 139-45. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18328163/
6. Weng, Kedi, Luo, Minjuan, Dong, Dahai. 2020. Elucidation of the Mechanism by Which a ADAMTS5 Gene MicroRNA-Binding Site Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Affects the Risk of Osteoarthritis. In Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers, 24, 467-477. doi:10.1089/gtmb.2020.0067. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32700984/
7. He, Shunzhi, Li, Jing, Ma, Ding, Liu, Zhenteng, Lv, Na. . MicroRNA-148a targets ADAMTS5 to inhibit proliferation of endometriosis cells. In Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 35, 335-341. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35236644/