PTGIS基因编码的是前列环素I2合成酶(Prostaglandin I2 synthase),它属于细胞色素P450家族,是一种重要的酶,负责催化前列腺素H2转化为前列环素I2(PGI2)。前列环素I2是一种重要的血管扩张剂和血小板聚集抑制剂,在维持血管功能和预防血栓形成中发挥关键作用。
PTGIS基因在多种疾病的发生发展中发挥着重要作用。例如,在结直肠癌中,PTGIS基因的表达显著低于正常结肠组织,且高表达PTGIS基因与患者不良预后相关[1]。在肾脏疾病中,PTGIS基因的表达增加在纤维化肾脏中观察到,而PTGIS基因缺失会加剧肾纤维化和肾功能下降[2]。此外,PTGIS基因的突变与肺动脉高压(PAH)的发生密切相关,PTGIS基因的缺失会导致内皮细胞功能障碍,进而导致肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖和肺小动脉阻塞[3][4]。PTGIS基因的罕见变异也与PAH患者的肺血管反应有关,这些变异可能影响肺血管对药物的敏感性[4]。
在卵巢癌中,PTGIS基因的表达与患者预后相关,PTGIS基因可能是卵巢癌的预后指标和潜在的治疗靶点[6]。此外,PTGIS基因的遗传多态性与心血管疾病的发生风险相关,包括高血压、心肌梗死和脑梗死[7]。PTGIS基因的遗传多态性可能影响PGI2的功能,进而影响心血管疾病的发生风险。
PTGIS基因的表达和功能还受到其他因素的影响,例如遗传背景。研究发现,PTGIS基因的DNA多态性与早产儿动脉导管未闭(PDA)的发生风险相关,但这种关联仅在具有欧洲遗传背景的早产儿中存在[5]。这表明,PTGIS基因的表达和功能可能受到遗传背景的影响。
综上所述,PTGIS基因在多种疾病的发生发展中发挥着重要作用,包括结直肠癌、肾脏疾病、肺动脉高压和心血管疾病。PTGIS基因的表达和功能受到多种因素的影响,包括遗传背景。PTGIS基因的研究有助于深入理解其在疾病发生发展中的作用机制,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Ding, Hui, Wang, Kai-Yun, Chen, Si-Yang, Guo, Kai-Wen, Qiu, Wen-Hong. 2023. Validating the role of PTGIS gene in colorectal cancer by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. In Scientific reports, 13, 16496. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-43289-2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37779109/
2. Li, Jing, Guan, Yi, Xu, Yunyu, Lu, Limin, Hao, Chuan-Ming. 2023. Prostacyclin Mitigates Renal Fibrosis by Activating Fibroblast Prostaglandin I 2 Receptor. In Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 35, 149-165. doi:10.1681/ASN.0000000000000286. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38062563/
3. Zhu, Yong-Jian, Zhang, Si-Jin, Wu, Xiao-Han, Wang, Hui-Fang, Jing, Zhi-Cheng. 2020. Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (PUMCHi006-A) derived from a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension carrying heterozygous c.1339 G > A mutation in PTGIS gene. In Stem cell research, 49, 102088. doi:10.1016/j.scr.2020.102088. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33221675/
4. Wang, Xiao-Jian, Xu, Xi-Qi, Sun, Kai, Zhang, Xue, Jing, Zhi-Cheng. . Association of Rare PTGIS Variants With Susceptibility and Pulmonary Vascular Response in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. In JAMA cardiology, 5, 677-684. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0479. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32236489/
5. Clyman, Ronald I, Hills, Nancy K, Dagle, John M, Murray, Jeffrey C, Kelsey, Keegan. 2021. Interactions between PDA-associated polymorphisms and genetic ancestry alter ductus arteriosus gene expression. In Pediatric research, 91, 903-911. doi:10.1038/s41390-021-01506-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33837257/
6. Wu, Xiaoqing, Lu, Wenping, Xu, Chaojie, Wang, Ya'nan, Li, Chen. 2023. PTGIS May Be a Predictive Marker for Ovarian Cancer by Regulating Fatty Acid Metabolism. In Computational and mathematical methods in medicine, 2023, 2397728. doi:10.1155/2023/2397728. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36785673/
7. Nakayama, T. . Genetic polymorphisms of prostacyclin synthase gene and cardiovascular disease. In International angiology : a journal of the International Union of Angiology, 29, 33-42. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20357747/