Kat7,也称为HBO1(Histone acetyltransferase Binding to ORG1-like 1)或MYST2(MOZ, Ybf2/Sas3, Sas2, and Tip60),是一种重要的组蛋白乙酰转移酶。它属于MYST家族,负责将乙酰基团转移到组蛋白的赖氨酸残基上,尤其是H3和H4,从而调节染色质结构和基因表达。组蛋白乙酰化是一种重要的表观遗传修饰,参与调控多种生物学过程,包括细胞分化、发育、代谢和疾病发生。
Kat7在多种癌症中发挥重要作用,包括骨肉瘤、头颈鳞状细胞癌、结直肠癌和胃癌。在骨肉瘤中,Kat7的表达显著上调,促进细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭,并诱导肿瘤特异性糖酵解代谢[3]。在头颈鳞状细胞癌中,Kat7通过促进LDHA的乙酰化水平,促进肿瘤的增殖和转移[5]。在结直肠癌中,Kat7通过激活lncRNA ENO1-IT1,促进糖酵解和肿瘤发生[6]。在胃癌中,Kat7通过促进YAP1的激活,促进肿瘤的进展[7]。
Kat7还参与调节多种生物学过程,包括细胞衰老、干细胞分化和造血干细胞的自我更新。在细胞衰老中,Kat7的失活可以缓解细胞衰老和肝脏衰老,并延长寿命[1]。在干细胞分化中,Kat7对于维持干细胞的多能性和分化潜能至关重要[2]。在造血干细胞的自我更新中,Kat7对于维持造血干细胞的静息状态和自我更新能力至关重要[4]。
Kat7的异常表达和功能改变与多种疾病的发生和发展密切相关。因此,Kat7可能成为治疗多种疾病,包括癌症、衰老和干细胞功能障碍的潜在靶点。抑制Kat7的表达或功能可能有助于抑制肿瘤的生长和转移,延缓衰老过程,并维持干细胞的功能。
参考文献:
1. Wang, Wei, Zheng, Yuxuan, Sun, Shuhui, Tang, Fuchou, Liu, Guang-Hui. . A genome-wide CRISPR-based screen identifies KAT7 as a driver of cellular senescence. In Science translational medicine, 13, . doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abd2655. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33408182/
2. Kueh, Andrew J, Bergamasco, Maria I, Quaglieri, Anna, Thomas, Tim, Voss, Anne K. 2023. Stem cell plasticity, acetylation of H3K14, and de novo gene activation rely on KAT7. In Cell reports, 42, 111980. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111980. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36641753/
3. Gao, Yan-Yang, Ling, Zhuo-Yan, Zhu, Yun-Rong, Yang, Shuofei, Cao, Cong. 2021. The histone acetyltransferase HBO1 functions as a novel oncogenic gene in osteosarcoma. In Theranostics, 11, 4599-4615. doi:10.7150/thno.55655. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33754016/
4. Yang, Yuqing, Kueh, Andrew J, Grant, Zoe L, Voss, Anne K, Thomas, Tim. . The histone lysine acetyltransferase HBO1 (KAT7) regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and self-renewal. In Blood, 139, 845-858. doi:10.1182/blood.2021013954. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34724565/
5. Lu, Ying, Wang, Yong, Zhang, Leilei, Du, Yimeng, Li, Qihong. 2024. KAT7 enhances the proliferation and metastasis of head and neck squamous carcinoma by promoting the acetylation level of LDHA. In Cancer letters, 590, 216869. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216869. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38593918/
6. Hong, Jie, Guo, Fangfang, Lu, Shi-Yuan, Chen, Haoyan, Fang, Jing-Yuan. 2020. F. nucleatum targets lncRNA ENO1-IT1 to promote glycolysis and oncogenesis in colorectal cancer. In Gut, 70, 2123-2137. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322780. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33318144/
7. Guo, Xueyan, Li, Yulong, Wan, Bingbing, Liu, Guisheng, Wang, Ping. 2022. KAT7 promoted gastric cancer progression through promoting YAP1 activation. In Pathology, research and practice, 237, 154020. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2022.154020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35868058/