MGI:109191Mutation of this gene affects iron metabolism. Homozygotes for targeted null mutations exhibit increased intestinal iron absorption and an elevated hepatic iron load but reduced duodenal iron stores. Heterozygotes also accumulate more iron than normal.
HFE基因编码一个主要组织相容性复合体I类(Major Histocompatibility Complex class I, MHC I)样蛋白,该蛋白在铁代谢的调节中起重要作用。目前已知,HFE基因中有两种突变与遗传性血色病密切相关:C282Y和H63D。C282Y突变是最常见的突变,约90%的欧洲血统的遗传性血色病患者为该突变的双等位基因型。H63D突变则相对温和,与血色病的关系不如C282Y突变密切。