Il23r基因编码白介素-23受体(IL-23R),该受体是白介素-23(IL-23)信号通路中的关键组成部分。IL-23是一种促炎细胞因子,主要由单核细胞和巨噬细胞产生,参与调节免疫反应和炎症过程。IL-23R与IL-23结合后,能够激活下游信号通路,导致T细胞分化为Th17细胞,并促进IL-17等炎症介质的产生。因此,Il23r基因的变异可能会影响IL-23信号通路的活性,进而影响炎症性肠病、自身免疫性疾病和癌症等疾病的发生和发展。
研究显示,Il23r基因的某些变异与炎症性肠病的发生和发展相关。例如,rs11209026位点的一个罕见编码变异(rs11209026, c.1142G>A, p.Arg381Gln)能够显著降低克罗恩病的风险[1]。此外,Il23r基因的其他非编码变异也被发现与炎症性肠病相关。这些研究结果提示,Il23r基因的变异可能通过影响IL-23信号通路的活性,进而影响炎症性肠病的发生和发展。
除了炎症性肠病,Il23r基因的变异还与冠状动脉疾病的发生相关。研究发现,Il17A和Il23R基因之间的相互作用与冠状动脉疾病的发生相关。具体来说,Il17A基因的rs2275913和Il23R基因的rs6682925之间的相互作用与冠状动脉疾病的发生相关[2]。此外,Il23R基因的rs6682925位点的一个罕见变异能够降低血清总胆固醇水平[2]。这些研究结果提示,Il23R基因的变异可能通过影响炎症反应和血脂水平,进而影响冠状动脉疾病的发生。
此外,Il23r基因的变异还与食管癌的发生相关。研究发现,Il23R基因的rs1884444位点的一个变异能够降低食管癌的风险[4]。然而,Il23r基因的变异与结核病的易感性之间没有显著关联,但是发现rs1884444 G等位基因与重症结核病的风险增加相关[6]。
除了上述疾病,Il23r基因的变异还与银屑病、强直性脊柱炎等自身免疫性疾病的发生相关。例如,研究发现,Il23R基因的某些变异与银屑病的发生相关[5,9]。此外,Il23R基因的变异还与强直性脊柱炎的发生相关,但是与IL-17A水平没有显著关联[10]。
综上所述,Il23r基因的变异与多种疾病的发生和发展相关,包括炎症性肠病、自身免疫性疾病和癌症等。Il23r基因的变异可能通过影响IL-23信号通路的活性,进而影响炎症反应和疾病的发生。因此,Il23r基因的研究对于深入理解炎症和自身免疫性疾病的发病机制,以及为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略具有重要意义。
参考文献:
1. Duerr, Richard H, Taylor, Kent D, Brant, Steven R, Nicolae, Dan L, Cho, Judy H. 2006. A genome-wide association study identifies IL23R as an inflammatory bowel disease gene. In Science (New York, N.Y.), 314, 1461-3. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17068223/
2. Zhang, Hongsong, Nie, Shaofang, Chen, Qianwen, Kenneth Wang, Qing, Zha, Lingfeng. 2023. Gene polymorphism in IL17A and gene-gene interaction in the IL23R/IL17A axis are associated with susceptibility to coronary artery disease. In Cytokine, 164, 156142. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156142. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36804259/
3. Hoffmann, Peter, Lamerz, David, Hill, Petra, Kirchner, Marietta, Gauss, Annika. 2021. Gene Polymorphisms of NOD2, IL23R, PTPN2 and ATG16L1 in Patients with Crohn's Disease: On the Way to Personalized Medicine? In Genes, 12, . doi:10.3390/genes12060866. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34198814/
4. Li, Miao, Yue, Chenli, Jin, Guoquan, Wu, Fang, Zhao, Xinhan. 2019. Rs1884444 variant in IL23R gene is associated with a decreased risk in esophageal cancer in Chinese population. In Molecular carcinogenesis, 58, 1822-1831. doi:10.1002/mc.23069. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31197899/
5. Oka, Akira, Mabuchi, Tomotaka, Ikeda, Shigaku, Kulski, Jerzy K, Inoko, Hidetoshi. 2013. IL12B and IL23R gene SNPs in Japanese psoriasis. In Immunogenetics, 65, 823-8. doi:10.1007/s00251-013-0721-x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23955419/
6. Zhang, Juan, Wang, Ming-Gui, Xiang, Xi, He, Jian-Qing. 2023. Association between a single nucleotide polymorphism of the IL23R gene and tuberculosis in a Chinese Han population: a case‒control study. In BMC pulmonary medicine, 23, 265. doi:10.1186/s12890-023-02546-w. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37464360/
7. Emami, Samira, Ziaee, Vahid, Rezaei, Arezou, Amirzargar, Ali Akbar, Rezaei, Nima. 2015. IL23R gene polymorphism with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its association with serum IL-17A. In International journal of rheumatic diseases, 19, 1189-1196. doi:10.1111/1756-185X.12674. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26016922/
8. Di Meglio, Paola, Di Cesare, Antonella, Laggner, Ute, Peris, Ketty, Nestle, Frank O. 2011. The IL23R R381Q gene variant protects against immune-mediated diseases by impairing IL-23-induced Th17 effector response in humans. In PloS one, 6, e17160. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017160. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21364948/
9. Safrany, Eniko, Szell, Marta, Csongei, Veronika, Nagy, Judit, Melegh, Bela. . Polymorphisms of the IL23R gene are associated with psoriasis but not with immunoglobulin A nephropathy in a Hungarian population. In Inflammation, 34, 603-8. doi:10.1007/s10753-010-9268-2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20978829/
10. Nossent, Johannes C, Sagen-Johnsen, Sylvia, Bakland, Gunnstein. 2018. IL23R gene variants in relation to IL17A levels and clinical phenotype in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. In Rheumatology advances in practice, 2, rky006. doi:10.1093/rap/rky006. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31431955/