RNF128,也称为RING finger protein 128,是一种E3泛素连接酶,在细胞内发挥着重要的调控作用。E3泛素连接酶是泛素化修饰过程中的关键酶,负责将泛素分子连接到底物蛋白上,从而影响底物蛋白的稳定性、活性、定位和功能。RNF128通过识别并结合特定的底物蛋白,促进其泛素化修饰,进而调节细胞内的信号通路和生物学过程。
RNF128在多种癌症中发挥重要作用,包括黑色素瘤、非酒精性脂肪肝病、膀胱癌、食管癌和结直肠癌等。在黑色素瘤中,RNF128的表达下调与肿瘤的侵袭性和转移能力相关,低表达的RNF128患者预后较差[1]。在非酒精性脂肪肝病中,RNF128的表达下调与脂肪肝的进展相关,可能是肥胖相关炎症导致脂肪组织功能障碍的结果[2]。在膀胱癌中,RNF128的表达下调与肿瘤的侵袭性和转移能力相关,低表达的RNF128患者预后较差[4]。在食管癌中,RNF128的剪接变体与患者的生存相关,提示RNF128在食管癌的发生发展中发挥重要作用[5]。在结直肠癌中,RNF128的表达上调与肿瘤的侵袭性和转移能力相关,高表达的RNF128患者预后较差[6]。
RNF128的调控机制涉及多种信号通路,包括Wnt/β-catenin信号通路、IL-3/STAT5信号通路、PI3K/AKT信号通路和Hippo信号通路等。在黑色素瘤中,RNF128的下调通过泛素化修饰CD44和CTTN,激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,促进细胞的EMT和干性[1]。在IL-3/STAT5信号通路中,RNF128通过泛素化修饰IL-3Rα,促进其降解,从而抑制STAT5的激活和巨噬细胞的炎症反应[3]。在PI3K/AKT信号通路中,RNF128通过抑制Hippo信号通路,促进肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭[6]。此外,RNF128的剪接变体还可以通过影响p53的稳定性,参与调节细胞的生长和凋亡[7]。
综上所述,RNF128作为一种E3泛素连接酶,在多种癌症中发挥着重要的调控作用。RNF128的异常表达与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,可能是肿瘤诊断和预后的潜在生物标志物。RNF128的调控机制涉及多种信号通路,包括Wnt/β-catenin信号通路、IL-3/STAT5信号通路、PI3K/AKT信号通路和Hippo信号通路等。深入研究RNF128的生物学功能和调控机制,有助于揭示肿瘤的发生发展机制,为肿瘤的预防和治疗提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Wei, Chuan-Yuan, Zhu, Meng-Xuan, Yang, Yan-Wen, Qi, Fa-Zhi, Gu, Jian-Ying. 2019. Downregulation of RNF128 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to induce cellular EMT and stemness via CD44 and CTTN ubiquitination in melanoma. In Journal of hematology & oncology, 12, 21. doi:10.1186/s13045-019-0711-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30832692/
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