PCOLCE,也称为procollagen C-protease enhancer,是一种重要的蛋白质,参与调控胶原蛋白的加工和细胞外基质的重构。PCOLCE通过结合到胶原蛋白C端前肽,增强C端蛋白酶的活性,从而促进胶原蛋白的成熟和沉积。PCOLCE在多种组织中表达,包括皮肤、骨骼、心脏和血管等。PCOLCE的异常表达与多种疾病的发生和发展密切相关,包括肿瘤、肌肉疾病和肝脏疾病等。
在肿瘤方面,PCOLCE的高表达与多种肿瘤的侵袭和转移相关。例如,在骨肉瘤中,TWIST1转录因子可以上调PCOLCE的表达,促进骨肉瘤细胞的迁移、侵袭和肺转移[2]。在胶质瘤中,PCOLCE的高表达与患者的预后不良相关,并且与免疫细胞的浸润水平相关[1,4]。在胃癌中,PCOLCE的高表达也与患者的预后不良相关,并且与巨噬细胞和树突状细胞的浸润水平相关[3]。
在肌肉疾病方面,PCOLCE的异常表达与肌肉纤维化和肌肉退化相关。例如,在眼咽型肌营养不良症中,PCOLCE的表达下调,并且PCOLCE的细胞内定位发生改变,导致细胞外PCOLCE的缺失和细胞核内PCOLCE的富集[6]。在神经纤维瘤中,SOX9转录因子可以上调PCOLCE的表达,促进胶原蛋白VI的分泌,导致神经纤维瘤的发生[5]。
在肝脏疾病方面,PCOLCE的表达与肝脏纤维化相关。例如,在毒性肝脏纤维化中,PCOLCE的表达上调,并且与肝纤维化的严重程度相关[8]。在子宫平滑肌瘤中,PCOLCE的表达下调,并且与平滑肌瘤的发生和发展相关[7]。
综上所述,PCOLCE是一种重要的蛋白质,参与调控胶原蛋白的加工和细胞外基质的重构。PCOLCE的异常表达与多种疾病的发生和发展密切相关,包括肿瘤、肌肉疾病和肝脏疾病等。PCOLCE的研究有助于深入理解细胞外基质重构的生物学功能和疾病发生机制,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Guo, Qingbao, Gao, Xin, Li, Jingjie, Duan, Lian, Ma, Xiaodong. 2023. High expression of PCOLCE gene indicate poor prognosis in patients and are associated with immune infiltration in glioma. In Scientific reports, 13, 3820. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-30413-5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36882457/
2. Wang, Shang, Zhong, Li, Li, Yin, Wu, Yuanzhong, Kang, Tiebang. 2019. Up-regulation of PCOLCE by TWIST1 promotes metastasis in Osteosarcoma. In Theranostics, 9, 4342-4353. doi:10.7150/thno.34090. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31285765/
3. Xiang, Aizhai, Lin, Xia, Xu, Lvping, Guo, Jufeng, Zhou, Fang. 2020. PCOLCE Is Potent Prognostic Biomarker and Associates With Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer. In Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 7, 544895. doi:10.3389/fmolb.2020.544895. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33392251/
4. Yu, Luli, Hu, Xinyao, Zhu, Hua. 2024. Predictive value of procollagen c-protease enhancer protein on the prognosis of glioma patients. In Heliyon, 10, e28089. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28089. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38533063/
5. Yao, Xuan, Wang, Bo, Su, Yuanping, Pan, Yawen, Yuan, Guoqiang. 2024. SOX9 Promotes Collagen VI Secretion by Upregulating PCOLCE in Neurofibroma. In Molecular neurobiology, 61, 7862-7876. doi:10.1007/s12035-024-04036-4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38436832/
6. Raz, Vered, Sterrenburg, Ellen, Routledge, Samantha, van der Maarel, Silvère M, Antoniou, Michael N. 2013. Nuclear entrapment and extracellular depletion of PCOLCE is associated with muscle degeneration in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. In BMC neurology, 13, 70. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-13-70. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23815790/
7. Ligon, Azra H, Scott, Ian C, Takahara, Kazuhiko, Greenspan, Daniel S, Morton, Cynthia C. . PCOLCE deletion and expression analyses in uterine leiomyomata. In Cancer genetics and cytogenetics, 137, 133-7. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12393284/
8. Ippolito, Danielle L, AbdulHameed, Mohamed Diwan M, Tawa, Gregory J, Wallqvist, Anders, Stallings, Jonathan D. 2015. Gene Expression Patterns Associated With Histopathology in Toxic Liver Fibrosis. In Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 149, 67-88. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfv214. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26396155/