Abcc2基因,也称为MRP2(Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 2),编码一种ATP结合盒(ATP-binding cassette, ABC)转运蛋白,属于ABC转运蛋白家族的C亚家族。ABCC2蛋白在细胞膜上形成转运通道,负责将多种细胞毒性物质从细胞内转运到细胞外,从而降低这些物质在细胞内的浓度,影响药物在体内的代谢和毒性。ABCC2蛋白具有三个跨膜结构域(MSDs)和两个高度保守的核苷酸结合结构域(NBDs),这些结构域共同构成了其转运功能的基础。
ABCC2基因的表达和调控在多种生物学过程中发挥着重要作用。研究表明,ABCC2在肝脏、肾脏、十二指肠和空肠等组织中高度表达,参与胆汁分泌和肠道吸收等重要生理过程[1]。此外,ABCC2基因的表达还受到多种因素的调控,如细胞色素P450酶系统、细胞因子和激素等。
在药物代谢和毒性方面,ABCC2基因的遗传变异与个体对药物的敏感性、药物代谢和毒性反应密切相关。例如,SCN1A、UGT2B7和ABCC2基因的遗传多态性与抗癫痫药物奥卡西平的维持剂量相关,携带这些基因变异的患者可能需要更高的药物剂量才能达到治疗效果[2]。此外,ABCC2基因的遗传变异还与胰腺癌患者的预后相关,某些基因多态性可能成为胰腺癌的预后标志物[3]。
在疾病发生和发展方面,ABCC2基因的突变与Dubin-Johnson综合征(DJS)的发生密切相关。DJS是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传病,主要表现为高结合胆红素血症。研究表明,ABCC2基因突变导致MRP2蛋白功能丧失,进而影响胆红素的转运和代谢,导致DJS的发生[4,5]。此外,ABCC2基因的突变还与某些昆虫对Bt毒素的抗性相关,如棉铃虫等[6]。
总之,ABCC2基因在药物代谢、毒性和疾病发生等方面发挥着重要作用。深入研究ABCC2基因的功能和调控机制,有助于揭示其与疾病发生和发展的关系,为疾病的诊断、治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Gao, Yanhong, Deng, Huacheng, Zhao, Yuying, Wang, Liping, Zhang, Yujuan. 2024. Gene Expression of Abcc2 and Its Regulation by Chicken Xenobiotic Receptor. In Toxics, 12, . doi:10.3390/toxics12010055. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38251011/
2. Ma, Chun-Lai, Wu, Xun-Yi, Jiao, Zheng, Wu, Zhi-Yuan, Zhong, Ming-Kang. . SCN1A, ABCC2 and UGT2B7 gene polymorphisms in association with individualized oxcarbazepine therapy. In Pharmacogenomics, 16, 347-60. doi:10.2217/pgs.14.186. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25823783/
3. Gentiluomo, Manuel, Puchalt García, Paula, Galeotti, Alice Alessandra, Canzian, Federico, Campa, Daniele. . Genetic variability of the ABCC2 gene and clinical outcomes in pancreatic cancer patients. In Carcinogenesis, 40, 544-550. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgz006. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30629142/
4. Wu, Lina, Zhang, Wei, Jia, Siyu, Huang, Jian, Ou, Xiaojuan. 2018. Mutation analysis of the ABCC2 gene in Chinese patients with Dubin-Johnson syndrome. In Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 16, 4201-4206. doi:10.3892/etm.2018.6682. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30344695/
5. Sharma, Parul, Sharma, Siddharth. 2022. In silico screening and analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphic variants of the ABCC2 gene affecting Dubin-Johnson syndrome. In Arab journal of gastroenterology : the official publication of the Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology, 23, 172-187. doi:10.1016/j.ajg.2022.03.003. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35477852/
6. Al-Eitan, Laith N, Al-Dalalah, Islam M, Mustafa, Mohamed M, Khreisat, Wael H, Aljamal, Hanan A. 2019. Effects of MTHFR and ABCC2 gene polymorphisms on antiepileptic drug responsiveness in Jordanian epileptic patients. In Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, 12, 87-95. doi:10.2147/PGPM.S211490. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31354331/