SF3A3,也称为Splicing Factor 3A Subunit 3,是剪接体复合物中的一个重要组成部分。剪接体负责前体mRNA的剪接过程,通过移除内含子并连接外显子来生成成熟的mRNA。SF3A3与SF3B复合物一起参与剪接反应,与剪接体的其他组分共同作用,确保剪接的准确性和效率。剪接变异体(Isoforms)是基因表达多样性的重要来源,它们可以影响蛋白质的功能、定位和活性,进而影响细胞生物学过程。
SF3A3在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括癌症和冠状动脉疾病。例如,研究发现SF3A3的表达下调与乳腺癌的发生发展相关[1]。在冠状动脉疾病中,SF3A3的甲基化水平与疾病风险相关[2]。此外,SF3A3在黑色素瘤的发生发展中也有重要作用,其突变与黑色素瘤的发生相关[3]。
SF3A3还可以作为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。例如,研究发现SF3A3的敲低可以激活p53信号通路,抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞的生长[6]。此外,SF3A3的表达水平还可以作为肝癌患者的预后指标[4,5]。
综上所述,SF3A3是剪接体复合物中的一个重要组成部分,参与剪接反应,影响基因表达和蛋白质功能。SF3A3在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括癌症和冠状动脉疾病。SF3A3还可以作为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。
参考文献:
1. García-Cárdenas, Jennyfer M, Armendáriz-Castillo, Isaac, Pérez-Villa, Andy, López-Cortés, Andrés, Guerrero, Santiago. 2022. Integrated In Silico Analyses Identify PUF60 and SF3A3 as New Spliceosome-Related Breast Cancer RNA-Binding Proteins. In Biology, 11, . doi:10.3390/biology11040481. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35453681/
2. Nikpay, Majid, Soubeyrand, Sebastien, Tahmasbi, Rasool, McPherson, Ruth. 2020. Multiomics Screening Identifies Molecular Biomarkers Causally Associated With the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease. In Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine, 13, e002876. doi:10.1161/CIRCGEN.119.002876. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32969717/
3. Hakobyan, Siras, Loeffler-Wirth, Henry, Arakelyan, Arsen, Binder, Hans, Kunz, Manfred. 2021. A Transcriptome-Wide Isoform Landscape of Melanocytic Nevi and Primary Melanomas Identifies Gene Isoforms Associated with Malignancy. In International journal of molecular sciences, 22, . doi:10.3390/ijms22137165. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34281234/
4. Zhu, Wenjing, Zhang, Qiliang, Liu, Min, Chu, Xiao, Li, Yongchun. 2021. Identification of DNA repair-related genes predicting pathogenesis and prognosis for liver cancer. In Cancer cell international, 21, 81. doi:10.1186/s12935-021-01779-1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33516217/
5. Li, Na, Zhao, Lan, Guo, Chunyan, Liu, Chang, Liu, Yongyu. 2019. Identification of a novel DNA repair-related prognostic signature predicting survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. In Cancer management and research, 11, 7473-7484. doi:10.2147/CMAR.S204864. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31496805/
6. Siebring-van Olst, Ellen, Blijlevens, Maxime, de Menezes, Renee X, Smit, Egbert F, van Beusechem, Victor W. 2017. A genome-wide siRNA screen for regulators of tumor suppressor p53 activity in human non-small cell lung cancer cells identifies components of the RNA splicing machinery as targets for anticancer treatment. In Molecular oncology, 11, 534-551. doi:10.1002/1878-0261.12052. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28296343/