AATK,也称为凋亡相关酪氨酸激酶,是一种重要的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶。AATK在多种生物学过程中发挥作用,包括细胞凋亡、细胞周期调控和神经发育。AATK通过磷酸化多种底物,如TP53、Cyclin D1和WEE1,影响细胞增殖、分化和凋亡。AATK的表达和活性受到多种因素的调控,包括miRNA、circRNA和DNA甲基化。
AATK在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括糖尿病、智力障碍、癌症和勃起功能障碍。在糖尿病中,AATK表达下调,导致β细胞增殖减少和凋亡增加,从而加剧糖尿病的发生和发展[1]。在智力障碍中,AATK是候选基因之一,可能与智力障碍的发病机制有关[2]。在癌症中,AATK表达下调,导致细胞增殖增加和凋亡减少,从而促进癌症的发生和发展[3]。在勃起功能障碍中,AATK表达下调,导致阴茎海绵体细胞增殖减少和凋亡增加,从而加剧勃起功能障碍的发生和发展[4]。
AATK的研究有助于深入理解细胞凋亡、细胞周期调控和神经发育的分子机制,为糖尿病、智力障碍、癌症和勃起功能障碍的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
AATK的生物学功能和调控机制研究取得了一些进展。研究发现,AATK的磷酸化活性与其底物结合能力密切相关。AATK通过磷酸化TP53,抑制其转录活性,从而抑制细胞凋亡[5]。AATK通过磷酸化Cyclin D1和WEE1,抑制细胞周期进程,从而抑制细胞增殖[6]。AATK的表达和活性受到多种因素的调控,包括miRNA、circRNA和DNA甲基化。miR-338-3p是一种内含子miRNA,由AATK基因编码。miR-338-3p可以靶向AATK mRNA,抑制AATK的表达,从而抑制细胞增殖和凋亡[7]。circPTK2是一种circRNA,可以竞争性结合miR-196a-3p,抑制miR-196a-3p对AATK的抑制作用,从而抑制细胞增殖和凋亡[8]。
综上所述,AATK是一种重要的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,参与调控细胞凋亡、细胞周期调控和神经发育。AATK的表达和活性受到多种因素的调控,包括miRNA、circRNA和DNA甲基化。AATK在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括糖尿病、智力障碍、癌症和勃起功能障碍。AATK的研究有助于深入理解细胞凋亡、细胞周期调控和神经发育的分子机制,为糖尿病、智力障碍、癌症和勃起功能障碍的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Jacovetti, Cécile, Jimenez, Veronica, Ayuso, Eduard, Bosch, Fatima, Regazzi, Romano. 2015. Contribution of Intronic miR-338-3p and Its Hosting Gene AATK to Compensatory β-Cell Mass Expansion. In Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.), 29, 693-702. doi:10.1210/me.2014-1299. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25751313/
2. Al-Kasbi, Ghalia, Al-Murshedi, Fathiya, Al-Kindi, Adila, Al-Yahyaee, Said, Al-Maawali, Almundher. 2022. The diagnostic yield, candidate genes, and pitfalls for a genetic study of intellectual disability in 118 middle eastern families. In Scientific reports, 12, 18862. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-22036-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36344539/
3. Kim, Jae Heon, Yang, Hee Jo, Park, Suyeon, Lee, Hong Jun, Song, Yun Seob. 2023. Differential Gene Expression in the Penile Cavernosum of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. In International neurourology journal, 27, 234-242. doi:10.5213/inj.2346074.037. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38171323/
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8. Zhu, Rui-Xia, Song, Chun-Hui, Yang, Jin-Shan, Li, Bao-Jian, Liu, Si-Hai. 2016. Downregulation of AATK mediates microRNA-558-induced resistance of A549 cells to radiotherapy. In Molecular medicine reports, 14, 2846-52. doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.5579. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27485693/