ABCC3,也称为多药耐药相关蛋白3(MRP3),是ATP结合盒(ABC)转运蛋白家族的一个成员,主要参与药物和毒物的转运过程。ABCC3基因位于人染色体16q24.1上,编码的蛋白质是一种跨膜蛋白,具有12个跨膜结构域和两个核苷酸结合域。它通过ATP水解提供能量,将多种疏水性药物和毒性物质从细胞内泵出,从而降低药物在细胞内的浓度,影响药物的治疗效果和毒性。
ABCC3在多种肿瘤组织中表达上调,如急性髓细胞性白血病(AML)、乳腺癌、肝细胞癌和胶质瘤等。研究发现,ABCC3的表达水平与肿瘤的侵袭性、转移和耐药性密切相关。例如,在AML患者中,ABCC3的表达水平与患者的总体生存率呈负相关,提示ABCC3可能参与AML的发生和发展过程[1]。在乳腺癌中,ABCC3基因的扩增和蛋白过表达与HER2阳性的乳腺癌密切相关,提示ABCC3可能作为HER2阳性乳腺癌的潜在治疗靶点[2]。在肝细胞癌中,BRG1蛋白可以激活ABCC3的转录,促进肝细胞癌的发生和发展[4]。在胶质瘤中,ABCC3的表达水平与患者的预后相关,提示ABCC3可能作为胶质瘤的预后标志物[6]。
除了肿瘤,ABCC3还与多种疾病相关。例如,在HIV患者中,ABCC3基因多态性可能与抗逆转录病毒药物引起的肝毒性相关[5]。在青少年特发性关节炎(JIA)患者中,ABCC3基因多态性与对甲氨蝶呤(MTX)的治疗反应相关[8]。此外,ABCC3基因的表达水平还受到DNA甲基化和转录因子Nrf2的调控[3,7]。
综上所述,ABCC3在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,参与药物的转运、肿瘤的发生和发展、疾病的遗传易感性和预后等。深入研究ABCC3的功能和调控机制,有助于揭示疾病的发生和发展机制,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Butrym, Aleksandra, Łacina, Piotr, Bogunia-Kubik, Katarzyna, Mazur, Grzegorz. 2021. ABCC3 and GSTM5 gene polymorphisms affect overall survival in Polish acute myeloid leukaemia patients. In Current problems in cancer, 45, 100729. doi:10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2021.100729. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33714589/
2. Partanen, Laura, Staaf, Johan, Tanner, Minna, Borg, Åke, Isola, Jorma. 2012. Amplification and overexpression of the ABCC3 (MRP3) gene in primary breast cancer. In Genes, chromosomes & cancer, 51, 832-40. doi:10.1002/gcc.21967. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22585709/
3. Takechi, Tomoki, Hirota, Takeshi, Sakai, Tatsuya, Kobayashi, Daisuke, Ieiri, Ichiro. 2018. Interindividual Differences in the Expression of ATP-Binding Cassette and Solute Carrier Family Transporters in Human Skin: DNA Methylation Regulates Transcriptional Activity of the Human ABCC3 Gene. In Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 46, 628-635. doi:10.1124/dmd.117.079061. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29437875/
4. Liu, Huimin, Yue, Linbo, Hong, Wenxuan, Zhou, Junjing. 2024. SMARCA4 (BRG1) activates ABCC3 transcription to promote hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In Life sciences, 347, 122605. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122605. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38642845/
5. Singh, HariOm, Lata, Sonam, Choudhari, Ranjana, Dhole, Tapan N. 2020. Prevalence of ABCC3-1767G/A polymorphism among patients with antiretroviral-associated hepatotoxicity. In Molecular genetics & genomic medicine, 8, e1124. doi:10.1002/mgg3.1124. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32212330/
6. Fang, Dan-Dong, Huang, Wei, Cheng, Gang, Mao, Jian, Zhou, Hu. 2021. Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of ABCC3 in Human Glioma. In Journal of oncology, 2021, 1827992. doi:10.1155/2021/1827992. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34976054/
7. Canet, Mark J, Merrell, Matthew D, Harder, Bryan G, Yamamoto, Masayuki, Cherrington, Nathan J. 2014. Identification of a functional antioxidant response element within the eighth intron of the human ABCC3 gene. In Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 43, 93-9. doi:10.1124/dmd.114.060103. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25349122/
8. de Rotte, Maurits C F J, Bulatovic, Maja, Heijstek, Marloes W, Wulffraat, Nico M, de Jonge, Robert. 2012. ABCB1 and ABCC3 gene polymorphisms are associated with first-year response to methotrexate in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. In The Journal of rheumatology, 39, 2032-40. doi:10.3899/jrheum.111593. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22859359/