Ahsg,全称Alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein,是一种在成年人体内主要由肝细胞合成的磷酸化糖蛋白,分子量约为55-59kDa。该蛋白进入血液循环后,在多种生理和病理过程中发挥着重要作用。
Ahsg在肿瘤生物学中具有重要作用。研究表明,Ahsg在多种肿瘤中表达异常,如肺癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌和胶质母细胞瘤等。Ahsg的过表达与肿瘤的增殖、迁移和侵袭等生物学行为密切相关。例如,在肺癌中,Ahsg的高表达与患者的总生存期显著缩短相关,且Ahsg的表达可以作为肺癌患者预后的独立预测因子[1]。此外,Ahsg还可以促进肿瘤细胞的上皮-间质转化(EMT)过程,从而促进肿瘤的侵袭和转移。
Ahsg在糖尿病的发病机制中也扮演着重要角色。Ahsg通过结合胰岛素受体β亚基的纤连蛋白III结构域,抑制胰岛素受体酪氨酸激酶的活性,从而导致胰岛素抵抗[2]。Ahsg基因的767C>G多态性与妊娠糖尿病的风险降低相关[3]。此外,Ahsg基因的变异还与骨密度、全身脂肪分布和心血管钙化等相关[4][5]。
Ahsg基因的变异与多种疾病的风险相关。例如,Ahsg基因的rs4918多态性与缺血性卒中的风险增加相关[7]。此外,Ahsg基因的变异还与瑞典男性中的瘦弱相关[6]。这些发现表明,Ahsg基因的变异可能影响个体的易感性,从而影响疾病的发生和发展。
Ahsg是一种具有多种功能的糖蛋白,在肿瘤生物学、糖尿病发病机制和多种疾病的风险中发挥着重要作用。Ahsg的表达和功能异常可能与多种疾病的发生和发展密切相关。进一步研究Ahsg的生物学功能和疾病发生机制,有助于深入理解Ahsg在人类健康中的作用,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Xing, Xiaoying, Cao, Fumin, Gao, Liping, Song, Minglei. 2023. AHSG, a Gene Promoting Tumour Proliferation, Migration and Invasion, is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Poor Overall Survival in Lung Adenocarcinoma. In Molecular biology reports, 50, 7659-7666. doi:10.1007/s11033-023-08623-x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37535244/
2. Goustin, Anton-Scott, Abou-Samra, Abdul B. 2010. The "thrifty" gene encoding Ahsg/Fetuin-A meets the insulin receptor: Insights into the mechanism of insulin resistance. In Cellular signalling, 23, 980-90. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.11.003. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21087662/
3. Akbas, Halit, Kahraman, Suna, Sak, Sibel, Akkafa, Feridun. 2019. Minor variant of AHSG gene 767C>G polymorphism may decrease the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. In Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 40, 303-307. doi:10.1080/01443615.2019.1621810. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31339395/
4. Yang, Yan-Jun, Wang, Yan-Bo, Lei, Shu-Feng, Chen, Yuan, Deng, Hong-Wen. 2007. AHSG gene polymorphisms are associated with bone mineral density in Caucasian nuclear families. In European journal of epidemiology, 22, 527-32. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17557141/
5. Müssig, K, Staiger, H, Machicao, F, Häring, H-U, Stefan, N. 2009. AHSG gene variation is not associated with regional body fat distribution--a magnetic resonance study. In Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 117, 432-7. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1103299. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19358088/
6. Lavebratt, Catharina, Wahlqvist, Sofia, Nordfors, Louise, Hoffstedt, Johan, Arner, Peter. 2005. AHSG gene variant is associated with leanness among Swedish men. In Human genetics, 117, 54-60. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15806395/
7. Ma, Shanshan, He, Zhiyi, Zhao, Jie, Dai, Yingjie, Qiu, Jing. 2013. Association of AHSG gene polymorphisms with ischemic stroke in a Han Chinese population. In Biochemical genetics, 51, 916-26. doi:10.1007/s10528-013-9625-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23907641/