ANKRD36,即Ankyrin repeat domain 36,是一种包含锚蛋白重复结构域的蛋白质编码基因。锚蛋白重复结构域是一种常见的蛋白质结构域,在许多蛋白质中存在,并参与多种生物学过程,包括信号传导、细胞骨架组织、细胞周期调控和蛋白质稳定性等。ANKRD36基因位于人类染色体5q31.1上,其编码的蛋白质在多种细胞类型中表达,尤其是在骨髓中的髓细胞中表达量最高[1]。
ANKRD36基因的突变和异常表达与多种疾病相关。例如,一项研究通过全外显子测序(WES)发现,ANKRD36基因的突变是慢性髓细胞白血病(CML)进展的潜在常见生物标志物和药物靶点[1]。此外,ANKRD36基因的异常表达还与高血压相关,研究表明ANKRD36通过改变上皮钠通道(ENaC)基因的表达参与高血压的发生[2]。在糖尿病肾病(DKD)中,ANKRD36基因的表达显著增加,并可能与脂质代谢和炎症相关,从而参与DKD的进展[3]。此外,ANKRD36基因的变异还与儿童类固醇敏感肾病综合征(SSNS)的亚型相关,研究发现ANKRD36基因中的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)在SSNS亚型中与正常对照组存在显著差异[4]。在抑郁症中,ANKRD36基因的表达与抑郁症状相关,表明ANKRD36可能参与抑郁症的发病机制[5]。在乳腺癌中,ANKRD36基因的异常表达与肿瘤微环境和药物耐药性相关,研究发现ANKRD36基因的表达水平与乳腺癌患者的预后和药物敏感性相关[6]。在免疫性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(iTTP)中,ANKRD36基因家族中的ANKRD36C基因的变异在iTTP患者中更为常见,表明ANKRD36基因家族可能参与iTTP的发病机制[7]。在卵巢卵黄囊瘤(OYST)中,ANKRD36基因的突变与OYST的持续和复发相关,表明ANKRD36基因可能参与OYST的发生和发展[8]。在心肌梗死(MI)中,ANKRD36基因的表达与MI的亚型相关,研究发现ANKRD36基因的表达水平与MI的亚型存在显著差异[9]。在膀胱原发性印戒细胞癌(SRCC)中,ANKRD36基因的突变与SRCC的发生和发展相关,研究发现ANKRD36基因中的突变与SRCC患者的预后相关[10]。
综上所述,ANKRD36基因的突变和异常表达与多种疾病相关,包括CML、高血压、DKD、SSNS、抑郁症、乳腺癌、iTTP、OYST、MI和SRCC等。ANKRD36基因的研究有助于深入理解这些疾病的发病机制,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Iqbal, Zafar, Absar, Muhammad, Akhtar, Tanveer, Shammas, Masood, Mahmood, Amer. 2021. Integrated Genomic Analysis Identifies ANKRD36 Gene as a Novel and Common Biomarker of Disease Progression in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. In Biology, 10, . doi:10.3390/biology10111182. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34827175/
2. Yan, Yupeng, Wang, Jin'e, Yu, Liang, Hui, Rutai, Wang, Yibo. 2021. ANKRD36 Is Involved in Hypertension by Altering Expression of ENaC Genes. In Circulation research, 129, 1067-1081. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319883. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34615377/
3. Pan, Shaokang, Li, Zhengyong, Wang, Yixue, Liu, Dongwei, Liu, Zhangsuo. 2023. A Comprehensive Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis Uncovers Potential Targets in Diabetic Kidney Disease. In Journal of translational internal medicine, 10, 359-368. doi:10.2478/jtim-2022-0053. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36860636/
4. Chan, Han, Ni, Fenfen, Zhao, Bo, Yang, Haiping, Li, Qiu. 2023. A genomic association study revealing subphenotypes of childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in a larger genomic sequencing cohort. In Genes & diseases, 11, 101126. doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101126. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38560502/
5. Zeng, Lu, Fujita, Masashi, Gao, Zongmei, Klein, Hans-Ulrich, De Jager, Philip L. 2023. A single-nucleus transcriptome-wide association study implicates novel genes in depression pathogenesis. In medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, , . doi:10.1101/2023.03.27.23286844. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37034737/
6. Zhang, Xiaoqiang, Shen, Li, Zhu, Yanhui, Liu, Xiaoan, Tao, Jing. 2023. Crosstalk of RNA methylation writers defines tumor microenvironment and alisertib resistance in breast cancer. In Frontiers in endocrinology, 14, 1166939. doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1166939. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37818090/
7. Basu, Malay Kumar, Massicano, Felipe, Yu, Lijia, Zheng, Liang, Zheng, X Long. 2020. Exome Sequencing Identifies Abnormalities in Glycosylation and ANKRD36C in Patients with Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura. In Thrombosis and haemostasis, 121, 506-517. doi:10.1055/s-0040-1719030. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33184803/
8. Liang, Shanhui, Ge, Huijuan, Zhou, Shuling, Wu, Xiaohua, Li, Jin. 2024. Prognostic factors of 87 ovarian yolk sac tumor (OYST) patients and molecular characteristics of persistent and recurrent OYST. In Gynecologic oncology, 187, 64-73. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.05.001. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38733954/
9. Jiang, Ke, Kang, Ling, Jiang, Andong, Zhao, Qiang. 2023. Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Model Based on Hypoxia-Related Genes in Myocardial Infarction. In International journal of general medicine, 16, 2111-2123. doi:10.2147/IJGM.S407759. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37275329/
10. Alradhi, Mohammed, Wen, Shuang, Safi, Mohammed, Fan, Bo, Li, Xiancheng. 2022. Molecular genetic and clinical characteristic analysis of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of urinary bladder identified by a novel OR2L5 mutation. In Cancer medicine, 12, 3931-3951. doi:10.1002/cam4.5121. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36779496/