Spa17,即精子抗原蛋白17,是一种在哺乳动物中高度保守的蛋白质,主要参与精子顶体反应,这是受精过程中精子与卵子结合的关键步骤。Spa17属于癌症睾丸抗原(CTA)家族,通常在成人的体细胞组织中表达受限,但在肿瘤组织中却重新表达。Spa17在多种癌症的发生发展中起着重要作用,其表达水平与患者的预后和免疫治疗反应密切相关。
多篇研究表明,Spa17在多种癌症中异常表达,并具有预后预测能力。例如,在卵巢癌中,Spa17的表达水平与患者的预后相关,高水平的Spa17表达与不良预后相关[4]。在乳腺癌中,Spa17的表达与淋巴结转移和患者生存率相关,Spa17表达的增加与不良预后相关[2]。此外,Spa17还与多种癌症的免疫治疗反应相关,例如,Spa17可以显著预测抗PD-1和抗PDL1治疗在癌症患者中的反应[1]。
Spa17的表达模式与其在肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞浸润相关。例如,在睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤中,Spa17的表达与免疫细胞浸润相关,表明Spa17可能参与调节肿瘤微环境中的免疫反应[3]。此外,Spa17还与多种免疫相关通路和生物学过程相关,例如G蛋白偶联受体信号通路、淋巴细胞趋化、趋化因子活性等[5]。
Spa17的表达还与多种疾病的发生发展相关。例如,在系统性硬化相关间质性肺病(SSc-ILD)和特发性肺纤维化(IPF)中,Spa17的表达与疾病严重程度和肺功能进展相关,Spa17可能作为一种泛ILD标志物[6]。此外,Spa17的表达还与精子形态异常和精子缺乏相关,Spa17可能作为这些疾病的潜在生物标志物[7]。
Spa17在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,其表达水平与患者的预后和免疫治疗反应密切相关。Spa17的表达模式与其在肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞浸润相关,并与多种免疫相关通路和生物学过程相关。Spa17的表达还与多种疾病的发生发展相关,Spa17可能作为一种潜在的生物标志物和治疗靶点。
参考文献:
1. Tu, Zewei, Peng, Jie, Long, Xiaoyan, Huang, Kai, Zhu, Xingen. 2022. Sperm Autoantigenic Protein 17 Predicts the Prognosis and the Immunotherapy Response of Cancers: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. In Frontiers in immunology, 13, 844736. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.844736. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35592314/
2. Zhou, Yu-Ting, Qiu, Juan-Juan, Wang, Yao, Lv, Qing, Du, Zheng-Gui. 2019. Sperm Protein Antigen 17 Expression Correlates With Lymph Node Metastasis and Worse Overall Survival in Patients With Breast Cancer. In Frontiers in oncology, 9, 710. doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.00710. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31417875/
3. Song, Yuxuan, Qi, Xiangjie, Kang, Jiaqi, Wang, Shangren, Liu, Xiaoqiang. 2021. Identification of new biomarkers in immune microenvironment of testicular germ cell tumour. In Andrologia, 53, e13986. doi:10.1111/and.13986. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33544925/
4. Vlasenkova, Ramilia, Konysheva, Daliya, Nurgalieva, Alsina, Kiyamova, Ramziya. 2023. Characterization of Cancer/Testis Antigens as Prognostic Markers of Ovarian Cancer. In Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 13, . doi:10.3390/diagnostics13193092. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37835834/
5. Derakhshani, Afshin, Mollaei, Homa, Parsamanesh, Negin, Safarpour, Hossein, Baradaran, Behzad. 2020. Gene Co-expression Network Analysis for Identifying Modules and Functionally Enriched Pathways in Vitiligo Disease: A Systems Biology Study. In Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology, 19, 517-528. doi:10.18502/ijaai.v19i5.4467. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33463119/
6. Shao, Shuai, Cao, Siyu, Chen, Yusha, Zhang, Zhijin, Zhaohui, Tong. . Immunological Features and Potential Biomarkers of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. In The clinical respiratory journal, 19, e70072. doi:10.1111/crj.70072. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40165483/
7. Das, Suchismita, Guha, Pokhraj, Nath, Monika, Slama, Petr, Roychoudhury, Shubhadeep. 2022. A Comparative Cross-Platform Analysis to Identify Potential Biomarker Genes for Evaluation of Teratozoospermia and Azoospermia. In Genes, 13, . doi:10.3390/genes13101721. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36292606/