ITGAV,也称为整合素αV亚基,是一种细胞表面受体,属于整合素家族。整合素是一类跨膜糖蛋白,由α和β亚基组成的异源二聚体,负责介导细胞与细胞外基质(ECM)以及细胞与细胞之间的相互作用。ITGAV可以与多种不同的β亚基结合,形成不同的整合素异源二聚体,其中ITGAV与ITGB3结合形成的ITGAV/ITGB3(也称为整合素αVβ3)异源二聚体在多种生物学过程中发挥重要作用,包括细胞粘附、迁移、增殖和信号传导。
ITGAV/ITGB3异源二聚体在肿瘤发生和发展中发挥重要作用。例如,在肝细胞癌中,ITGAV作为TAZ的靶基因,参与调节细胞侵袭和反馈YAP/TAZ活性[2]。在胶质母细胞瘤中,ITGAV/ITGB5异源二聚体是癌症干细胞的一个功能性标志,对于维持肿瘤生长和病毒感染至关重要[3]。在结直肠癌中,ITGAV基因的表达与肿瘤的侵袭和转移相关[4]。在乳腺癌中,ITGAV的表达与疾病的进展和转移相关,并且可能是治疗转移性乳腺癌的潜在靶点[5]。
除了在肿瘤发生和发展中的作用,ITGAV还参与其他多种生物学过程。例如,ITGAV基因的变异与免疫失调、脑异常和结肠炎相关[6]。此外,ITGAV/ITGB3异源二聚体在风湿性关节炎的发生和发展中也发挥重要作用。例如,rs3768777位点的基因多态性与风湿性关节炎的易感性相关[1,7]。此外,ITGAV基因的表达还与肝脏纤维化相关[8],并且在乳腺纤维上皮病变中也发挥重要作用[9]。
综上所述,ITGAV是一种重要的细胞表面受体,参与多种生物学过程,包括细胞粘附、迁移、增殖、信号传导、肿瘤发生和发展、免疫调节和疾病发生。ITGAV的研究有助于深入理解整合素在细胞生物学中的作用和疾病发生机制,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Huang, Jun-Ming, Pang, Zhi-Ying, Qi, Guo-Bin, Wang, Zhe, Lv, Zheng-Tao. 2020. Association of ITGAV polymorphisms and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: evidence from a meta-analysis. In Expert review of clinical immunology, 16, 631-640. doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1777098. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32476506/
2. Weiler, Sofia M E, Lutz, Teresa, Bissinger, Michaela, Schirmacher, Peter, Breuhahn, Kai. 2020. TAZ target gene ITGAV regulates invasion and feeds back positively on YAP and TAZ in liver cancer cells. In Cancer letters, 473, 164-175. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.044. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31904487/
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5. Cheuk, Isabella Wai-Yin, Siu, Man Ting, Ho, John Chi-Wang, Shin, Vivian Yvonne, Kwong, Ava. 2020. ITGAV targeting as a therapeutic approach for treatment of metastatic breast cancer. In American journal of cancer research, 10, 211-223. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32064162/
6. Ghasempour, Sina, Warner, Neil, Guan, Rei, van Ham, Tjakko J, Muise, Aleixo M. 2024. Human ITGAV variants are associated with immune dysregulation, brain abnormalities, and colitis. In The Journal of experimental medicine, 221, . doi:10.1084/jem.20240546. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39526957/
7. Koca, Suleyman Serdar, Kara, Murat, Ozgen, Metin, Kargun, Kursat, Isik, Ahmet. 2013. The rs3768777-G allele of ITGAV gene is associated with rheumatoid arthritis. In Rheumatology international, 34, 693-8. doi:10.1007/s00296-013-2925-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24375314/
8. Wang, Zhong-Yi, Keogh, Adrian, Waldt, Annick, Stroka, Deborah, Nigsch, Florian. 2021. Single-cell and bulk transcriptomics of the liver reveals potential targets of NASH with fibrosis. In Scientific reports, 11, 19396. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98806-y. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34588551/
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