Mst1(Macrophage stimulating 1),也称为Ste20相关蛋白激酶1(Ste20-related protein kinase 1),是一种在哺乳动物中高度保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶。它在多种生物学过程中发挥着重要作用,包括细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移、分化和器官大小的调控。Mst1属于Hippo信号通路的核心组成部分,与肿瘤抑制因子Mst2共同作用,通过抑制下游的YAP(Yes-associated protein)和TAZ(transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif)蛋白的活性,维持细胞和组织稳态。
Mst1在多种疾病的发生发展中发挥着重要作用。在非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)中,Mst1的表达显著上调,通过抑制Parkin相关的自噬作用,导致线粒体应激和肝细胞凋亡。抑制Mst1的表达可以减轻高脂饮食(HFD)诱导的肝损伤,并维持肝细胞活力[1]。在心血管疾病中,Mst1的持续激活与心脏疾病的发生发展密切相关。Mst1的抑制可以改善心肌缺血/再灌注损伤,并通过磷酸化FoxO1和C/EBP-β,激活细胞保护机制[2,3]。此外,Mst1的表达在骨关节炎(OA)患者中升高,抑制Mst1的表达可以减少炎症、细胞外基质(ECM)降解和细胞凋亡,并通过促进Parkin介导的自噬作用和Nrf2/NF-κB信号通路,减缓OA的进展[4]。
Mst1的表达异常也与某些癌症的发生发展相关。在恶性胸膜间皮瘤(MPM)患者中,MST1基因启动子甲基化与不良预后相关。MST1的失活导致细胞凋亡减少,增殖、侵袭和生长增加,以及核YAP的积累[5]。在急性髓系白血病(AML)中,MST1和YAP1的表达与疾病的发生发展相关[6]。
综上所述,Mst1作为一种重要的Hippo信号通路激酶,在多种生物学过程中发挥着重要作用。它在NAFLD、心血管疾病、骨关节炎和某些癌症的发生发展中发挥着重要作用。深入研究Mst1的生物学功能和调控机制,有助于开发针对这些疾病的新型治疗策略。
参考文献:
1. Zhou, Tao, Chang, Ling, Luo, Yi, Zhou, Ying, Zhang, Jianjun. 2019. Mst1 inhibition attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via reversing Parkin-related mitophagy. In Redox biology, 21, 101120. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2019.101120. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30708325/
2. Shao, Yingchun, Wang, Yanhong, Sun, Li, Xu, Jiazhen, Xing, Dongming. 2023. MST1: A future novel target for cardiac diseases. In International journal of biological macromolecules, 239, 124296. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124296. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37011743/
3. Maejima, Yasuhiro, Nah, Jihoon, Aryan, Zahra, Li, Hong, Sadoshima, Junichi. 2024. Mst1-mediated phosphorylation of FoxO1 and C/EBP-β stimulates cell-protective mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. In Nature communications, 15, 6279. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50393-y. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39060225/
4. Ye, Hantao, Cai, Tingwen, Shen, Yang, Chen, Jiaoxiang, Shui, Xiaolong. . MST1 knockdown inhibits osteoarthritis progression through Parkin-mediated mitophagy and Nrf2/NF-κB signalling pathway. In Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 28, e18476. doi:10.1111/jcmm.18476. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38842136/
5. Maille, Elodie, Brosseau, Solenn, Hanoux, Vincent, Levallet, Guénaëlle, Zalcman, Gérard. 2019. MST1/Hippo promoter gene methylation predicts poor survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma in the IFCT-GFPC-0701 MAPS Phase 3 trial. In British journal of cancer, 120, 387-397. doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0379-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30739911/
6. Safari, Shamsi, Movafagh, Abolfazl, Zare-Adollahi, Davood, Safavi-Naini, Nioufar, Omrani, Mir Davood. 2014. MST1/2 and YAP1 gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia. In Leukemia & lymphoma, 55, 2189-91. doi:10.3109/10428194.2013.867493. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24303784/