Myh7,也称为肌球蛋白重链基因7,是一个编码肌球蛋白重链(myosin-7)的基因。肌球蛋白重链是肌肉收缩的关键蛋白质,因此Myh7基因在心脏和骨骼肌的收缩功能中起着基础性作用。Myh7基因的突变与多种心脏和骨骼肌疾病密切相关,包括心肌病和骨骼肌病。
多篇研究报道了Myh7基因突变与心肌病和骨骼肌病的相关性。Gao等人(2023)综述了Myh7基因在心肌病和骨骼肌病中的作用,强调了Myh7基因突变如何影响肌节的结构和生理功能,从而导致心脏和骨骼肌疾病的发生[1]。Kelly等人(2018)提出了针对Myh7基因突变的临床变异分类框架,为临床应用提供了指导[2]。Park等人(2021)采用“基因组优先”方法,研究了Myh7基因突变与肥厚型心肌病(HCM)的关系,并发现了新的基因-疾病关联[3]。Viswanathan等人(2017)研究了HCM的临床表型与基因突变和突变剂量的关系,发现MYBPC3和MYH7基因突变是HCM的主要原因,但HCM的病理特征与基因突变和突变剂量无关[4]。
Rani等人(2021)在中国印度患者中发现了新的Myh7基因突变,这些突变可能导致扩张型心肌病(DCM)的发生。他们还发现,每个突变体(错义)都在突变位点处以独特的方式破坏了非键合相互作用的关键网络,这可能导致DCM的发展[5]。Liu等人(2023)报道了一个家庭中相同的Myh7基因突变导致不同表型的心肌病[6]。Liu等人(2018)在中国HCM患者中筛选了Myh7基因突变位点,并分析了突变位点的致病性和在临床和法医学中的意义[7]。Du等人(2019)在中国HCM家庭中发现了一个新的Myh7基因突变,并认为这个突变可能与HCM的表型有关[8]。
Lee等人(2024)研究了Myh7 G256E突变的早期致病效应,发现该突变会导致肌球蛋白功能改变,从而引发细胞和组织的病理变化[9]。
综上所述,Myh7基因在心脏和骨骼肌的功能中起着重要作用,其突变与多种心脏和骨骼肌疾病密切相关。研究Myh7基因的突变和功能有助于深入理解心脏和骨骼肌疾病的发病机制,并为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Gao, Yuan, Peng, Lu, Zhao, Cuifen. 2023. MYH7 in cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy. In Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 479, 393-417. doi:10.1007/s11010-023-04735-x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37079208/
2. Kelly, Melissa A, Caleshu, Colleen, Morales, Ana, Hershberger, Ray, Funke, Birgit. 2018. Adaptation and validation of the ACMG/AMP variant classification framework for MYH7-associated inherited cardiomyopathies: recommendations by ClinGen's Inherited Cardiomyopathy Expert Panel. In Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 20, 351-359. doi:10.1038/gim.2017.218. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29300372/
3. Park, Joseph, Packard, Elizabeth A, Levin, Michael G, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Rader, Daniel J. . A genome-first approach to rare variants in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy genes MYBPC3 and MYH7 in a medical biobank. In Human molecular genetics, 31, 827-837. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddab249. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34542152/
4. Viswanathan, Shiv Kumar, Sanders, Heather K, McNamara, James W, Tajik, A Jamil, Sadayappan, Sakthivel. 2017. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy clinical phenotype is independent of gene mutation and mutation dosage. In PloS one, 12, e0187948. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187948. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29121657/
5. Iascone, M R, Marchetti, D, Ferrazzi, P. . Gene symbol: MYH7. In Human genetics, 120, 915. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17438618/
6. Rani, Deepa Selvi, Vijaya Kumar, Archana, Nallari, Pratibha, Rathinavel, Andiappan, Thangaraj, Kumarasamy. 2021. Novel Mutations in β-MYH7 Gene in Indian Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy. In CJC open, 4, 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.cjco.2021.07.020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35072022/
7. Liu, Ting, Yao, Yuan, Kang, Yu, Zhang, Qing. 2023. Same MYH7 gene mutation but different phenotypes of cardiomyopathy in one family. In The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences, 39, 1052-1053. doi:10.1002/kjm2.12741. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37615266/
8. Liu, Hui-Ting, Ji, Fang-Fang, Wei, Ling, Wang, Ji-Gang, Zhao, Peng. . Screening of MYH7 gene mutation sites in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its significance. In Chinese medical journal, 132, 2835-2841. doi:10.1097/CM9.0000000000000428. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31856055/
9. Du, Yuan, Wang, Ya, Han, Xiu, Feng, Zhanbin, Ma, Aiqun. 2019. MYH7 Gene-Related Mutation p.V878L Identified in a Chinese Family with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. In International heart journal, 60, 1415-1420. doi:10.1536/ihj.19-146. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31735781/