基因Aldh1a1,也称为醛脱氢酶1A1,是一种重要的细胞质酶,主要参与将乙醛氧化为乙酸的过程。乙醛是一种有毒的代谢产物,如果不能及时清除,会对细胞造成损害。Aldh1a1在多种生物学过程中发挥重要作用,包括细胞分化、发育、代谢和疾病发生。
Aldh1a1在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胆管癌和酒精代谢障碍。在乳腺癌中,Aldh1a1的表达与肿瘤的发生、发展和转移密切相关。研究发现,Aldh1a1可以降低乳腺癌细胞内的pH值,促进TAK1磷酸化,激活NFκB信号通路,增加GM-CSF的分泌,进而促进骨髓来源的抑制性细胞(MDSC)的扩增和免疫抑制,从而促进乳腺癌的进展[1]。此外,Aldh1a1还可以通过与雄激素受体(AR)和视黄酸受体(RAR)转录程序的相互作用,促进前列腺癌的转移和放射抵抗[3]。
在卵巢癌中,Aldh1a1的表达与对化疗药物的抵抗性有关。研究发现,敲除Aldh1a1基因可以降低卵巢癌细胞对化疗药物的抵抗性,从而提高化疗效果[2]。此外,Aldh1a1还可以通过促进肿瘤细胞的糖酵解,促进肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸[7]。
在胆管癌中,Aldh1a1的表达与肿瘤的发生、发展和预后密切相关。研究发现,Arid1a基因缺失可以导致Aldh1a1的表达上调,从而促进胆管癌的发生和发展[4]。此外,Aldh1a1还可以通过促进肿瘤细胞的糖酵解,促进肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸[7]。
在酒精代谢障碍中,Aldh1a1的表达与酒精代谢能力有关。研究发现,Aldh1a1的表达水平与个体对酒精的代谢能力有关,Aldh1a1表达水平高的个体对酒精的代谢能力较强[5]。此外,Aldh1a1基因多态性与抗结核药物引起的肝损伤的易感性相关[6]。
综上所述,Aldh1a1是一种重要的细胞质酶,参与多种生物学过程,包括细胞分化、发育、代谢和疾病发生。Aldh1a1在多种疾病中发挥重要作用,包括乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胆管癌和酒精代谢障碍。Aldh1a1的研究有助于深入理解Aldh1a1在疾病发生和发展中的作用机制,为疾病的治疗和预防提供新的思路和策略。
参考文献:
1. Liu, Cuicui, Qiang, Jiankun, Deng, Qiaodan, Zhang, Lixing, Liu, Suling. 2021. ALDH1A1 Activity in Tumor-Initiating Cells Remodels Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells to Promote Breast Cancer Progression. In Cancer research, 81, 5919-5934. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-1337. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34580061/
2. Nowacka, Marta, Ginter-Matuszewska, Barbara, Świerczewska, Monika, Nowicki, Michał, Januchowski, Radosław. 2022. Effect of ALDH1A1 Gene Knockout on Drug Resistance in Paclitaxel and Topotecan Resistant Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines in 2D and 3D Model. In International journal of molecular sciences, 23, . doi:10.3390/ijms23063036. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35328460/
3. Gorodetska, Ielizaveta, Offermann, Anne, Püschel, Jakob, Perner, Sven, Dubrovska, Anna. 2024. ALDH1A1 drives prostate cancer metastases and radioresistance by interplay with AR- and RAR-dependent transcription. In Theranostics, 14, 714-737. doi:10.7150/thno.88057. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38169509/
4. Yoshino, Jun, Akiyama, Yoshimitsu, Shimada, Shu, Tanabe, Minoru, Tanaka, Shinji. . Loss of ARID1A induces a stemness gene ALDH1A1 expression with histone acetylation in the malignant subtype of cholangiocarcinoma. In Carcinogenesis, 41, 734-742. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgz179. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31665232/
5. Edenberg, Howard J. . The genetics of alcohol metabolism: role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants. In Alcohol research & health : the journal of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 30, 5-13. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17718394/
6. Peng, Wu, Zhao, Zhen-Zhen, Jiao, Lin, Zhou, Yi, Ying, Bin-Wu. 2021. Prospective study of ALDH1A1 gene polymorphisms associated with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury in western Chinese Han population. In Microbiology and immunology, 65, 143-153. doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12877. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33527427/
7. Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Taoli, Wang, Jinjin, Chen, Huan, Liao, Jingnan. 2024. ALDH1A1 promotes immune escape of tumor cells through ZBTB7B-glycolysis pathway. In Cell death & disease, 15, 568. doi:10.1038/s41419-024-06943-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39107297/