基因UCHL3,全称是泛素羧基端水解酶L3(Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L3),是一种属于UCH(Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase)蛋白酶家族的脱泛素化酶。脱泛素化酶在细胞内负责去除泛素分子,调节蛋白质的稳定性和功能。UCHL3通过去除蛋白质上的泛素链,影响蛋白质的降解和信号传导,从而在细胞周期调控、DNA损伤修复、细胞凋亡、细胞迁移和癌症发生发展中发挥着关键作用。
根据提供的参考文献,UCHL3在多种癌症中扮演着重要的角色。在甲状腺癌中,UCHL3通过去泛素化YAP蛋白,稳定YAP,进而促进Hippo信号通路的激活,从而促进甲状腺癌的进展和转移[1]。在膀胱癌中,UCHL3通过稳定CTNNB1蛋白,激活Wnt信号通路,促进膀胱癌的进展[2]。在胶质母细胞瘤中,UCHL3通过去泛素化POLD4蛋白,影响同源重组和非同源末端连接,进而影响DNA损伤修复,导致对放疗的抵抗[3]。在肺纤维化中,UCHL3通过去泛素化p300蛋白,激活Ccl2、Ccl7、Ccl12等趋化因子基因的表达,进而促进肺纤维化的发展[4]。在肝细胞癌中,UCHL3通过稳定β-catenin蛋白,抑制铁死亡,维持肝癌细胞的干细胞特性[5]。在卵巢癌中,UCHL3表达上调,与不良预后相关,是卵巢癌的潜在生物标志物和潜在的治疗靶点[6]。在非小细胞肺癌中,UCHL3表达上调,与不良预后相关,UCHL3的沉默可以增强肺癌细胞对放疗的敏感性[7]。在结直肠癌中,CAF激活的间质信号通路导致BRD4磷酸化,UCHL3通过去泛素化BRD4,导致BRD4稳定,进而促进结直肠癌的进展和对BET抑制剂的抵抗[8]。在非小细胞肺癌中,UCHL3通过稳定AhR蛋白,维持肺癌细胞的干细胞特性[9]。在结直肠癌中,circMYBL2编码的p185蛋白通过竞争性结合UCHL3的C1结构域,抑制UCHL3的去泛素化活性,导致PHGDH降解,进而抑制丝氨酸和甘氨酸的生物合成,抑制结直肠癌的进展[10]。
综上所述,UCHL3是一种重要的脱泛素化酶,在多种癌症中发挥重要作用。UCHL3通过去泛素化多种蛋白质,影响细胞周期、DNA损伤修复、细胞凋亡、细胞迁移和癌症发生发展。因此,UCHL3可能成为癌症治疗的潜在靶点。
参考文献:
1. Tang, Jianing, Yang, Qian, Mao, Chao, Wu, Gaosong, Tao, Yongguang. 2023. The deubiquitinating enzyme UCHL3 promotes anaplastic thyroid cancer progression and metastasis through Hippo signaling pathway. In Cell death and differentiation, 30, 1247-1259. doi:10.1038/s41418-023-01134-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36813921/
2. Liu, Tao, Fan, Meng-Qi, Xie, Xiao-Xiao, Du, Run-Lei, Li, Shang-Ze. 2023. Activation of CTNNB1 by deubiquitinase UCHL3-mediated stabilization facilitates bladder cancer progression. In Journal of translational medicine, 21, 656. doi:10.1186/s12967-023-04311-3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37740194/
3. Fan, Ligang, You, Hongtao, Jiang, Xiao, Xing, Wei, Shao, Naiyuan. 2024. UCHL3 induces radiation resistance and acquisition of mesenchymal phenotypes by deubiquitinating POLD4 in glioma stem cells. In Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 81, 247. doi:10.1007/s00018-024-05265-5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38829550/
4. Lee, Soo Yeon, Park, Soo-Yeon, Lee, Seung-Hyun, Shim, Hyo Sup, Yoon, Ho-Geun. 2023. The deubiquitinase UCHL3 mediates p300-dependent chemokine signaling in alveolar type II cells to promote pulmonary fibrosis. In Experimental & molecular medicine, 55, 1795-1805. doi:10.1038/s12276-023-01066-1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37524875/
5. Long, Guo, Wu, Zheyu, Wang, Dong, Zhou, Ledu, Tang, Jianing. 2023. UCHL3 inhibits ferroptosis by stabilizing β-catenin and maintains stem-like properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In Free radical biology & medicine, 212, 162-173. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.030. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38092274/
6. Yang, Qilian, Peng, Xue, Nian, Zheng, Wang, Hongjing, Yi, Tao. 2024. UCHL-3 as a potential biomarker of ovarian cancer. In Gynecologic oncology, 182, 156-167. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.12.031. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38266402/
7. Liu, Miaowen, Chen, Huimin, Chen, Xinyue, Xiong, Jianping, Song, Zhiwang. 2021. Silencing UCHL3 enhances radio-sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting DNA repair. In Aging, 13, 14277-14288. doi:10.18632/aging.203043. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34016790/
8. Wang, Wenyu, Tang, Yen-An, Xiao, Qian, Wu, Xiao-Jian, Yu, Qiang. 2021. Stromal induction of BRD4 phosphorylation Results in Chromatin Remodeling and BET inhibitor Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. In Nature communications, 12, 4441. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24687-4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34290255/
9. Ouyang, Lianlian, Yan, Bin, Liu, Yating, Liu, Shuang, Tao, Yongguang. 2020. The deubiquitylase UCHL3 maintains cancer stem-like properties by stabilizing the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. In Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 5, 78. doi:10.1038/s41392-020-0181-3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32546741/
10. Zhao, Ning, Cao, Yinghao, Tao, Ruikang, Chen, Hengyu, Ma, Xianxiong. . The circMYBL2-Encoded p185 Protein Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progression by Inhibiting Serine Biosynthesis. In Cancer research, 84, 2155-2168. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-23-2940. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38635900/