TNFSF4,也称为OX40L,是肿瘤坏死因子超家族成员之一,编码一种I型跨膜蛋白,作为OX40的配体,在免疫系统中发挥重要作用。OX40-OX40L相互作用是T细胞共刺激信号传导途径的一部分,参与T细胞的存活、增殖、分化和记忆形成。TNFSF4在多种免疫相关疾病中发挥重要作用,包括自身免疫性疾病和心血管疾病。
TNFSF4基因多态性与多种自身免疫性疾病的风险相关。一项系统回顾和荟萃分析显示,TNFSF4基因多态性(rs2205960 G > A、rs704840 T > G和rs844648 G > A)与亚洲人群自身免疫性疾病的风险增加相关[8]。在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者中,TNFSF4基因多态性(rs2205960、rs704840和rs844648)与SLE风险增加相关[2]。此外,TNFSF4基因多态性(rs3850641)与早期自身免疫性甲状腺疾病和桥本甲状腺炎的甲状腺功能减退症相关[4]。TNFSF4基因多态性(rs7514229、rs1234313、rs16845607和rs3850641)与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITDs)的易感性增加相关[5]。此外,TNFSF4基因多态性(rs1234314和rs1234315)与过敏性鼻炎(AR)的易感性增加相关[1]。
TNFSF4基因多态性与心血管疾病的风险相关。一项系统回顾和荟萃分析显示,TNFSF4基因多态性(rs3850641和rs17568)与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)和中风的风险没有显著关联[3]。然而,另一项研究发现,TNFSF4基因多态性(rs3850641)与汉族人群心肌梗死的风险增加相关[7]。此外,TNFSF4基因多态性(rs3861950)与汉族人群脑梗死的风险增加相关[6]。
综上所述,TNFSF4基因在免疫系统和心血管系统中发挥重要作用,其基因多态性与多种自身免疫性疾病和心血管疾病的风险相关。TNFSF4基因多态性可能通过影响OX40-OX40L信号传导途径和炎症反应,参与自身免疫性疾病和心血管疾病的发生发展。未来研究需要进一步探讨TNFSF4基因多态性在自身免疫性疾病和心血管疾病中的具体作用机制,以及TNFSF4基因多态性作为疾病易感性遗传标志物的应用价值。
参考文献:
1. Shen, Yang, Liu, Yun, Wang, Xiao-Qiang, Kang, Hou-Yong, Hong, Su-Ling. 2017. Association between TNFSF4 and BLK gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to allergic rhinitis. In Molecular medicine reports, 16, 3224-3232. doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.6954. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28713926/
2. Yue, Lu-Yao, Xu, Yuan, Tao, Bei, He, Cheng-Song. 2020. Association of TNFSF4 Gene Polymorphisms and Plasma TNFSF4 Level with Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Chinese Population. In Immunological investigations, 51, 316-330. doi:10.1080/08820139.2020.1828912. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33161796/
3. Lu, Jin Sen, Wang, Hong, Yuan, Fei Fei, Wang, Bin, Ye, Dong Qing. . Lack of association of tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4) gene polymorphisms (rs3850641 and rs17568) with coronary heart disease and stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Anatolian journal of cardiology, 19, 86-93. doi:10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2017.8069. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29424751/
4. Song, Rong-Hua, Wang, Qiong, Yao, Qiu-Ming, Li, Qian, Zhang, Jin-An. 2016. TNFSF4 Gene Variations Are Related to Early-Onset Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Hypothyroidism of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. In International journal of molecular sciences, 17, . doi:10.3390/ijms17081369. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27556446/
5. Zhou, Xu-jie, Lu, Xiao-lan, Nath, Swapan K, Li, Zhan-guo, Zhang, Hong. . Gene-gene interaction of BLK, TNFSF4, TRAF1, TNFAIP3, and REL in systemic lupus erythematosus. In Arthritis and rheumatism, 64, 222-31. doi:10.1002/art.33318. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21905002/
6. Feng, Jie, Liu, Yun-Hai, Yang, Qi-Dong, Tang, Bei-Sha, Huang, Qing. . TNFSF4 gene polymorphism rs3861950 but not rs3850641 is associated with the risk of cerebral infarction in a Chinese population. In Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 36, 307-13. doi:10.1007/s11239-012-0849-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23184501/
7. Lu, Changqing, Jia, Helei, Xu, Aiguo. 2018. The rs3850641 polymorphism of the TNFSF4 gene increases the risk of myocardial infarction in a Chinese Han population. In Bioscience reports, 38, . doi:10.1042/BSR20180526. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29921578/
8. Yang, Yangyang, Li, Xiahui, Li, Bowen, Gu, Yao, Wu, Huijian. 2020. Associations between TNFSF4 gene polymorphisms (rs2205960 G > A, rs704840 T > G and rs844648 G > A) and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases in Asians: a meta-analysis. In Immunological investigations, 50, 184-200. doi:10.1080/08820139.2020.1718693. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32208776/